L'urgence climatique est une conséquence directe de l'utilisation des terres et de l'agriculture, des transports, des bâtiments et des processus industriels à forte intensité de carbone, ainsi que des sources d'énergie polluantes. En l'absence de changements profonds dans ces secteurs et d'une réduction drastique de l'empreinte carbone, il y a peu d'espoir de protéger la planète des effets dévastateurs d'un monde plus chaud.
Ce flux en direct vous tiendra au courant de toutes les dernières nouvelles de la Conférence des Nations Unies sur le changement climatique, connue sous le nom de 29e Conférence des Parties (COP29) à la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques (CCNUCC), qui se tiendra à Bakou, en Azerbaïdjan.
05 Dec
2023
16:46
Watch soon: launch of the Global Cooling Pledge
COP28/Christopher Pike
The Global Cooling Pledge has been included in the list of nine non-negotiated declarations, pledges, and charters that constitute key outcomes for the COP28 Presidential Action Agenda.
It aims to raise ambition and international cooperation through collective global targets to reduce cooling related emissions by 68 per cent from today by 2050, significantly increase access to sustainable cooling by 2030, and increase the global average efficiency of new air conditioners by 50 per cent.
The salt-loving tree helping protect Mozambique from climate change
UNEP/Artan Jama
While much of the focus of COP28 is rightly on fossil fuel producers – both companies and governments – and whether they will agree to a "phase out" of fossil fuel, production, around the world there are projects tackling the ever increased impacts of fossil fuel emissions.
Much of these projects are centred around nature – and nature-based solutions are a tried and tested way of adapting to the climate crisis.
One such project in Mozambique see 22 women replanting mangrove trees in Mozambique. The UNEP-led project aims to revive the district’s once-thriving mangrove forests, many of which have fallen victim to logging and cyclones.
June saw the highest ever average global ocean surface temperatures, with local records being set from Ireland to Antarctica. In Florida, waters reached 38°C. The North Atlantic recorded its hottest ever temperature in July. And the Mediterranean Sea hit 28.7°C, an all-time high.
So, why are marine temperatures reaching unprecedented levels?
Air conditioners help fuel the climate crisis – can nature help?
Unsplash/Dewi Karuniasih
After another year of record-breaking temperatures, more and more of us are using air conditioners to cool down. Yet, the widespread use of ACs is actually driving up temperatures by feeding the climate crisis, which could leave up to three-quarters of humans exposed to periods of life-threatening heat and humidity by 2100.
So, can cities adapt to rising temperatures without resorting to air conditioning?
New report highlights how cooling industry can cut emissions
Today's launch of UNEP's Global Cooling Watch 2023 report highlights how the world can achieve near zero emissions from the cooling industry, which included air conditioners, refrigerators and district cooling systems.
The report lays out sustainable cooling measures in three areas: passive cooling, higher-energy efficiency standards, and a faster phase down of climate-warming refrigerants. The report is released in support of the Global Cooling Pledge, a joint initiative between the UAE and the Cool Coalition.
UNEP Executive Director, Inger Andersen highlighted the fact that while the cooling sector will grow, emissions from the sector need to fall: "The cooling sector must grow to protect everyone from rising temperatures, maintain food quality and safety, keep vaccines stable and economies productive. These are all essential elements of sustainable development. But business as usual growth would double the sector’s greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, which is an outcome we must avoid."
As negotiations continue for the global stocktake, the progress on methane is a reminder what can be achieved with concerted multilateral action. Indeed, one of the positive news stories from this COP has been the action on methane, which is responsible for about one third of the warming we are experiencing today.
More than US$1 billion in new grant funding for methane action has been raised since COP27, more than triple current levels, which will drive investment in methane reductions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
The world’s largest oil and gas methane emitters announced new policies, regulations, and national commitments to cut fossil methane, including: The European Union adopted its first-ever methane regulations, setting ambitious monitoring and abatement criteria for domestically produced and imported fossil oil, gas, and coal, including establishing a methane import standard by 2030.
The United States announced final standards to sharply reduce methane emissions from oil and gas operations, which will achieve a nearly 80 per cent reduction in future methane emissions expected without the rule.
Achieving the Global Methane Pledge goal of cutting anthropogenic methane emissions at least 30 per cent by 2030 from 2020 levels is the fastest way to reduce near-term warming and is essential to keep a 1.5°C temperature limit within reach.
2023 emissions to reach record high as COP28 negotiations continue
COP28/Christopher Pike
A new report has shown that the world is set to burn more coal, gas and oil in 2023 than it did in 2022. The report from Global Carbon Budget revealed that global emissions this year reached a record high, at around 40.9 billion tonnes, part of a 10-year "emissions plateau" and nowhere close to the steep reduction in emissions that is needed to meet the Paris Agreement goals.
As negotiations in Dubai continue over the wording of the negotiating text of the global stocktake, with many countries and climate activists hoping that a "phaseout of fossil fuels" will be agreed.
The report also revealed that the current levels of technology-based carbon removal - touted by some fossil fuel producers as the answer to the climate crisis - are more than 1 million times smaller than current CO2 emissions.
As climate crisis alters their lands indigenous peoples turn to courts
Andalou Agency/Mateus Bonomi
Today is Indigenous Peoples Day at COP28, which aims to recognize the importance of Indigenous Peoples’ intergenerational knowledge, practices, and leadership in climate action and in stewarding planetary health, as well as mechanisms to improve their direct access to finance.
As well as these avenues, a growing number of Indigenous Peoples around the world are turning to the courts to compel countries to take concrete action to address climate change and other environmental issues.
Experts have called the cases a new frontier in the global environmental movement and are hopeful they can jumpstart what is, in many places, a halting political effort to counter some of the gravest threats to the planet.
“It is still early days, but these cases are changing the dynamics of the fight to save the Earth,” said Patricia Kameri-Mbote, the Director of the Law Division at UNEP. “That’s crucial because humanity is pushing the planet to the breaking point, and we need to reverse course – quickly.”
Today is Energy Day at COP28, which will address universal energy access and workers' need to achieve just transition in the energy sector. It will place an additional focus on cooling as a critical mitigation and adaptation factor.
UNEP event: How to increase adaptation effectiveness to reduce loss and damage: Insights from the UNEP Adaptation Gap Report 2023
This event features opening remarks from UNEP’s Executive Director Inger Andersen and UNFCCC’s Executive Secretary Simon Stiell, and presents the key findings of UNEP's Adaptation Gap Report 2023. This is followed by a panel discussion focusing on the importance of increasing adaptation effectiveness, while assessing progress in global adaptation efforts, reducing loss and damage, and evaluating the current adaptation finance gap.
Time: 09.00-10.00am
UNEP event: What we need from the Global Stocktake – Insights from the latest UNEP Emissions Gap Report and UNFCCC NDC Synthesis Report
This joint UNFCCC and UNEP event features opening remarks from UNEPs Executive Director Inger Andersen and UNFCCCs Executive Secretary Simon Stiell and a presentation of the key findings of the UNEP Emissions Gap Report 2023. There will also be a discussion on what we need from the Global Stocktake, and how climate action and implementation can be sped up this decade.
Time: 10.00-11.00am
UNEP Pavilion: The Future of Energy: leaving no one behind
This event will explore technologies and innovations to develop renewable energy systems including green hydrogen as a flexible energy vector, while at same time highlight opportunities and challenges for developing countries for the production and use of clean energy technologies.
The Gender Just Climate Solutions Awards bring together environmental defenders worldwide who use gender equality and a women’s rights approach when implementing the Paris Agreement to fight the climate crisis.
UNEP Pavilion:A Stocktake: From climate technology needs to implementation
This event will present the new Climate Technology Progress Report, produced by UNEP-CCC and the UNFCCC Technology Mechanism, and discusses trends on climate technology progress, with a focus on urban transitions in the context of Asia.
UNEP Pavilion: Accelerating models for energy efficiency in Developing Countries
Industries are responsible for 23 per cent of global emissions, and while their emissions are to some extent increasingly being regulated, there are no limits to their energy consumption. The event will announce the new partnership between UNEP and the ASEAN Centre for Energy for the promotion of energy service companies in South east Asia.
UNEP Pavilion: Cooling cities: district cooling and its role in the energy transition and urban heat resilience
This event will feature national and subnational governments, industry and finance representatives on the efforts and challenges to scale district cooling, as well as its benefits, including emission reduction, climate and energy system resilience, and the reduction of the heat island effect. The panel will discuss how to accelerate uptake of district cooling in new markets in combination with passive cooling and heat-resilient urban design.
Time: 14.30-15.15pm
Watch here.
UNEP event: UN raising ambition and delivery on the ground: multilevel climate action for local resilience
This session discusses approaches to achieve multilevel climate action and unlock climate finance for local sustainable development. It is framed around three questions:How can we connect local, national and global levels to accelerate local climate action?; How can international partners support local action for an integrated approach to sustainable development and climate resilience?; and how can we unlock climate finance for local governments, in particular for the most vulnerable?
Time: 15.00-16.30pm
UNEP event: Announcement of New Programmes and Expansion of the Adaptation Fund Climate Innovation Accelerator
This event will bring together policy makers, industry leaders, investors, entrepreneurs, and key stakeholders to discuss how the Adaptation Fund Climate Innovation Accelerator accelerates innovation in climate adaptation.
Time: 15.00-16.00pm
UNEP Pavilion: Passive cooling and nature-based solutions for building comfort
Organized by UNEP, UNEP-led Cool Coalition, Global Alliance for Buildings and Construction, and UN ESCAP, this event discusses challenges and opportunities for adopting passive cooling solutions to address sustainable cooling and thermal comfort in buildings in an energy-efficient, affordable and resilient way.
UNEP's Executive Director, Inger Andersen said: “The partnership between UNEP and ESA will strengthen UNEP’s capacity to deliver science-based, data-driven early warning systems for the environment."
The aim is that ESA's "innovative geospatial and space technologies" can support more accurate policymaking, prevent social and economic losses, and boost the use of digital technologies to develop innovative solutions to address the triple planetary crisis of climate change, nature and biodiversity loss, and pollution. This can offer particular hope in addressing plastic pollution and implementing the Global Biodiversity Framework," Andersen added.
Climate data is a vital tool with which to fight climate change as it enables decision makers to make informed choices and understand the scale of and the most effective solutions to the climate crisis.
